On 5/22/25 4:46 AM, Shashank Balaji wrote: > Hi Russell, > > If intel_pstate is left in "active" mode, then userspace can't use any > of the other governors. Moreover, intel_pstate's min and max frequencies > apply to all the cpus. Whereas, the userspace governor can be set on a > per-cpu basis. If setting frequencies on a per-CPU basis is how you discovered this, you may find it to be a source of more automagic. There are a lot of client processors that cannot (usefully) have different frequency targets for each CPU, because there is only one voltage regulator. In that case, slowing any CPU down would only harm its performance (and efficiency, because race-to-sleep). So, the global frequency target is taken as the maximum of the per-CPU targets. Cheers, Russell