> For some reason, I can no longer reproduce the problem in new kernels > that I build. I can still reproduce it in the kernels that I built > last week. But if I build a new one, from the same commit as I was > able to reproduce it from before, the new kernel build can't reproduce > it. I didn't change anything (like compiler version) since. So I'm > stumped. Well, I finally figured out why I couldn't reproduce the problem in some builds. It turns out structure layout randomization was affecting whether there was a bug or not. So every build I did had a chance of not having the bug. This also led my bisection effort down the wrong path and wrongly indicated that this nf_conntrack fix was the first bad commit (and also by pure chance of randstruct made it look like the problem went away when the change was reverted). Now that I know that it's a randstruct problem, I was able to use a "known bad" randstruct.seed to reliably make reproducible builds that always have the bug, and this time correctly bisected it to a problem in compression code in the cpypto API[1]. netfilter had nothing to do with it. nf_conntrack is exonerated :) So, Florian, sorry for taking up some of your valuable cycles on this wild goose chase. But thank you for your attention and quick responses. Cheers, -- Dan [1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-crypto/20250830032839.11005-1-dan@xxxxxxxx/T/#t