On Tue, 25 Mar 2025 at 05:17, <guoren@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote: > > The rv64ilp32 abi kernel accommodates the lp64 abi userspace and > leverages the lp64 abi Linux interface. Hence, unify the > BITS_PER_LONG = 32 memory layout to match BITS_PER_LONG = 64. No. This isn't happening. You can't do crazy things in the RISC-V code and then expect the rest of the kernel to just go "ok, we'll do crazy things". We're not doing crazy __riscv_xlen hackery with random structures containing 64-bit values that the kernel then only looks at the low 32 bits. That's wrong on *so* many levels. I'm willing to say "big-endian is dead", but I'm not willing to accept this kind of crazy hackery. Not today, not ever. If you want to run a ilp32 kernel on 64-bit hardware (and support 64-bit ABI just in a 32-bit virtual memory size), I would suggest you (a) treat the kernel as natively 32-bit (obviously you can then tell the compiler to use the rv64 instructions, which I presume you're already doing - I didn't look) (b) look at making the compat stuff do the conversion the "wrong way". And btw, that (b) implies *not* just ignoring the high bits. If user-space gives 64-bit pointer, you don't just treat it as a 32-bit one by dropping the high bits. You add some logic to convert it to an invalid pointer so that user space gets -EFAULT. Linus