Hi Markus, Thank you for your reply. > > +++ b/drivers/pci/controller/pcie-aspeed.c > > @@ -0,0 +1,1137 @@ > … > > +static int aspeed_irq_msi_domain_alloc(struct irq_domain *domain, > > + unsigned int virq, unsigned int nr_irqs, > > + void *args) > > +{ > … > > + mutex_lock(&pcie->lock); > > + > > + bit = bitmap_find_free_region(pcie->msi_irq_in_use, > MAX_MSI_HOST_IRQS, > > + get_count_order(nr_irqs)); > > + > > + mutex_unlock(&pcie->lock); > … > > Under which circumstances would you become interested to apply a statement > like “guard(mutex)(&pcie->lock);”? > https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v6.16-rc6/source/include/linux/mutex.h#L225 > Thanks for the information that made me know this method. I just referred to the existed drivers in Linux before, and it seems there are a lot of drivers keeping the original usage. So, I have no idea Linux have introduced these methods. I will take care of these usages in my develop and will change it in this driver in next version. Thanks, Jacky