On Wed, Jul 09, 2025 at 06:35:00PM +0930, Qu Wenruo wrote: > This leads more digging, and to my surprise using bdev's page cache to do > superblock IOs is not an exception, in fact f2fs is doing exactly the same > thing. Almost all filesystems use the page cache (sometimes the buffer cache which amounts to the exact same thing). This is a good thing as many filesystems put their superblock in the same place, so scanning block devices to determine what filesystem they have results in less I/O.