On Sat, Apr 26, 2025 at 12:52:42AM +0800, I Hsin Cheng wrote: > > Can you print more about the folio where this happened? In particular it > > would be interesting what's in folio->flags, folio->mapping->flags and > > folio->mapping->aops (resolved to a symbol). Because either the mapping has > > AS_RELEASE_ALWAYS set but then we should have ->releasepage handler, or > > have PG_Private bit set without buffers attached to a page but then again > > either ->releasepage should be set or there's some bug in fs/buffer.c which > > can set PG_Private without attaching buffers (I don't see where that could > > be). > > > > Hmm so I suppose when there're buffers attached, the PG_Private bit > should always be set in folio->flags or folio->mapping->flags or > folio->mapping->aops ? See folio_attach_private(). I am trying to get rid of PG_private, but we're not quite there yet. The other information may help track down what is going on.