Re: [PATCH bpf-next v2 1/5] powerpc64/bpf: Implement PROBE_MEM32 pseudo instructions

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On 29/08/25 10:21 pm, Saket Kumar Bhaskar wrote:
Add support for [LDX | STX | ST], PROBE_MEM32, [B | H | W | DW]
instructions.  They are similar to PROBE_MEM instructions with the
following differences:
- PROBE_MEM32 supports store.
- PROBE_MEM32 relies on the verifier to clear upper 32-bit of the
src/dst register
- PROBE_MEM32 adds 64-bit kern_vm_start address (which is stored in _R26
in the prologue). Due to bpf_arena constructions such _R26 + reg +
off16 access is guaranteed to be within arena virtual range, so no
address check at run-time.
- PROBE_MEM32 allows STX and ST. If they fault the store is a nop. When
LDX faults the destination register is zeroed.

To support these on powerpc, we do tmp1 = _R26 + src/dst reg and then use
tmp1 as the new src/dst register. This allows us to reuse most of the
code for normal [LDX | STX | ST].

Additionally, bpf_jit_emit_probe_mem_store() is introduced to emit
instructions for storing memory values depending on the size (byte,
halfword, word, doubleword).

Stack layout is adjusted to introduce a new NVR (_R26) and to make
BPF_PPC_STACKFRAME quadword aligned (local_tmp_var is increased by
8 bytes).

Signed-off-by: Saket Kumar Bhaskar <skb99@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
  arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit.h        |   5 +-
  arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit_comp.c   |  10 +-
  arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit_comp32.c |   2 +-
  arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit_comp64.c | 162 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
  4 files changed, 155 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit.h b/arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit.h
index 4c26912c2e3c..2d095a873305 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit.h
+++ b/arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit.h
@@ -161,9 +161,10 @@ struct codegen_context {
  	unsigned int seen;
  	unsigned int idx;
  	unsigned int stack_size;
-	int b2p[MAX_BPF_JIT_REG + 2];
+	int b2p[MAX_BPF_JIT_REG + 3];
  	unsigned int exentry_idx;
  	unsigned int alt_exit_addr;
+	u64 arena_vm_start;
  };
#define bpf_to_ppc(r) (ctx->b2p[r])
@@ -201,7 +202,7 @@ int bpf_jit_emit_exit_insn(u32 *image, struct codegen_context *ctx, int tmp_reg,
int bpf_add_extable_entry(struct bpf_prog *fp, u32 *image, u32 *fimage, int pass,
  			  struct codegen_context *ctx, int insn_idx,
-			  int jmp_off, int dst_reg);
+			  int jmp_off, int dst_reg, u32 code);
#endif diff --git a/arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit_comp.c b/arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit_comp.c
index c0684733e9d6..7d070232159f 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit_comp.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit_comp.c
@@ -204,6 +204,7 @@ struct bpf_prog *bpf_int_jit_compile(struct bpf_prog *fp)
/* Make sure that the stack is quadword aligned. */
  	cgctx.stack_size = round_up(fp->aux->stack_depth, 16);
+	cgctx.arena_vm_start = bpf_arena_get_kern_vm_start(fp->aux->arena);
/* Scouting faux-generate pass 0 */
  	if (bpf_jit_build_body(fp, NULL, NULL, &cgctx, addrs, 0, false)) {
@@ -326,7 +327,7 @@ struct bpf_prog *bpf_int_jit_compile(struct bpf_prog *fp)
   */
  int bpf_add_extable_entry(struct bpf_prog *fp, u32 *image, u32 *fimage, int pass,
  			  struct codegen_context *ctx, int insn_idx, int jmp_off,
-			  int dst_reg)
+			  int dst_reg, u32 code)
  {
  	off_t offset;
  	unsigned long pc;
@@ -355,6 +356,9 @@ int bpf_add_extable_entry(struct bpf_prog *fp, u32 *image, u32 *fimage, int pass
  		(ctx->exentry_idx * BPF_FIXUP_LEN * 4);
fixup[0] = PPC_RAW_LI(dst_reg, 0);
+	if (BPF_CLASS(code) == BPF_ST || BPF_CLASS(code) == BPF_STX)
+		fixup[0] = PPC_RAW_NOP();
+
  	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PPC32))
  		fixup[1] = PPC_RAW_LI(dst_reg - 1, 0); /* clear higher 32-bit register too */
@@ -579,7 +583,7 @@ static void bpf_trampoline_setup_tail_call_cnt(u32 *image, struct codegen_contex
  {
  	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PPC64)) {
  		/* See bpf_jit_stack_tailcallcnt() */
-		int tailcallcnt_offset = 6 * 8;
+		int tailcallcnt_offset = 7 * 8;

Hardcoded offsets at multiple places. Can do with a bit of cleanup.
Unrelated to this patchset though :)

The changes look good to me.

For patches 1 to 4:

Reviewed-by: Hari Bathini <hbathini@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>

EMIT(PPC_RAW_LL(_R3, _R1, func_frame_offset - tailcallcnt_offset));
  		EMIT(PPC_RAW_STL(_R3, _R1, -tailcallcnt_offset));
@@ -594,7 +598,7 @@ static void bpf_trampoline_restore_tail_call_cnt(u32 *image, struct codegen_cont
  {
  	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PPC64)) {
  		/* See bpf_jit_stack_tailcallcnt() */
-		int tailcallcnt_offset = 6 * 8;
+		int tailcallcnt_offset = 7 * 8;
EMIT(PPC_RAW_LL(_R3, _R1, -tailcallcnt_offset));
  		EMIT(PPC_RAW_STL(_R3, _R1, func_frame_offset - tailcallcnt_offset));
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit_comp32.c b/arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit_comp32.c
index 0aace304dfe1..3087e744fb25 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit_comp32.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit_comp32.c
@@ -1087,7 +1087,7 @@ int bpf_jit_build_body(struct bpf_prog *fp, u32 *image, u32 *fimage, struct code
  				}
ret = bpf_add_extable_entry(fp, image, fimage, pass, ctx, insn_idx,
-							    jmp_off, dst_reg);
+							    jmp_off, dst_reg, code);
  				if (ret)
  					return ret;
  			}
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit_comp64.c b/arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit_comp64.c
index 025524378443..569619f1b31c 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit_comp64.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/net/bpf_jit_comp64.c
@@ -25,18 +25,18 @@
   * with our redzone usage.
   *
   *		[	prev sp		] <-------------
- *		[   nv gpr save area	] 5*8		|
+ *		[   nv gpr save area	] 6*8		|
   *		[    tail_call_cnt	] 8		|
- *		[    local_tmp_var	] 16		|
+ *		[    local_tmp_var	] 24		|
   * fp (r31) -->	[   ebpf stack space	] upto 512	|
   *		[     frame header	] 32/112	|
   * sp (r1) --->	[    stack pointer	] --------------
   */
/* for gpr non volatile registers BPG_REG_6 to 10 */
-#define BPF_PPC_STACK_SAVE	(5*8)
+#define BPF_PPC_STACK_SAVE	(6*8)
  /* for bpf JIT code internal usage */
-#define BPF_PPC_STACK_LOCALS	24
+#define BPF_PPC_STACK_LOCALS	32
  /* stack frame excluding BPF stack, ensure this is quadword aligned */
  #define BPF_PPC_STACKFRAME	(STACK_FRAME_MIN_SIZE + \
  				 BPF_PPC_STACK_LOCALS + BPF_PPC_STACK_SAVE)
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@
  /* BPF register usage */
  #define TMP_REG_1	(MAX_BPF_JIT_REG + 0)
  #define TMP_REG_2	(MAX_BPF_JIT_REG + 1)
+#define ARENA_VM_START  (MAX_BPF_JIT_REG + 2)
/* BPF to ppc register mappings */
  void bpf_jit_init_reg_mapping(struct codegen_context *ctx)
@@ -67,10 +68,12 @@ void bpf_jit_init_reg_mapping(struct codegen_context *ctx)
  	ctx->b2p[BPF_REG_AX] = _R12;
  	ctx->b2p[TMP_REG_1] = _R9;
  	ctx->b2p[TMP_REG_2] = _R10;
+	/* non volatile register for kern_vm_start address */
+	ctx->b2p[ARENA_VM_START] = _R26;
  }
-/* PPC NVR range -- update this if we ever use NVRs below r27 */
-#define BPF_PPC_NVR_MIN		_R27
+/* PPC NVR range -- update this if we ever use NVRs below r26 */
+#define BPF_PPC_NVR_MIN		_R26
static inline bool bpf_has_stack_frame(struct codegen_context *ctx)
  {
@@ -89,9 +92,9 @@ static inline bool bpf_has_stack_frame(struct codegen_context *ctx)
   *		[	prev sp		] <-------------
   *		[	  ...       	] 		|
   * sp (r1) --->	[    stack pointer	] --------------
- *		[   nv gpr save area	] 5*8
+ *		[   nv gpr save area	] 6*8
   *		[    tail_call_cnt	] 8
- *		[    local_tmp_var	] 16
+ *		[    local_tmp_var	] 24
   *		[   unused red zone	] 224
   */
  static int bpf_jit_stack_local(struct codegen_context *ctx)
@@ -99,12 +102,12 @@ static int bpf_jit_stack_local(struct codegen_context *ctx)
  	if (bpf_has_stack_frame(ctx))
  		return STACK_FRAME_MIN_SIZE + ctx->stack_size;
  	else
-		return -(BPF_PPC_STACK_SAVE + 24);
+		return -(BPF_PPC_STACK_SAVE + 32);
  }
static int bpf_jit_stack_tailcallcnt(struct codegen_context *ctx)
  {
-	return bpf_jit_stack_local(ctx) + 16;
+	return bpf_jit_stack_local(ctx) + 24;
  }
static int bpf_jit_stack_offsetof(struct codegen_context *ctx, int reg)
@@ -170,10 +173,17 @@ void bpf_jit_build_prologue(u32 *image, struct codegen_context *ctx)
  		if (bpf_is_seen_register(ctx, bpf_to_ppc(i)))
  			EMIT(PPC_RAW_STD(bpf_to_ppc(i), _R1, bpf_jit_stack_offsetof(ctx, bpf_to_ppc(i))));
+ if (ctx->arena_vm_start)
+		EMIT(PPC_RAW_STD(bpf_to_ppc(ARENA_VM_START), _R1,
+				 bpf_jit_stack_offsetof(ctx, bpf_to_ppc(ARENA_VM_START))));
+
  	/* Setup frame pointer to point to the bpf stack area */
  	if (bpf_is_seen_register(ctx, bpf_to_ppc(BPF_REG_FP)))
  		EMIT(PPC_RAW_ADDI(bpf_to_ppc(BPF_REG_FP), _R1,
  				STACK_FRAME_MIN_SIZE + ctx->stack_size));
+
+	if (ctx->arena_vm_start)
+		PPC_LI64(bpf_to_ppc(ARENA_VM_START), ctx->arena_vm_start);
  }
static void bpf_jit_emit_common_epilogue(u32 *image, struct codegen_context *ctx)
@@ -185,6 +195,10 @@ static void bpf_jit_emit_common_epilogue(u32 *image, struct codegen_context *ctx
  		if (bpf_is_seen_register(ctx, bpf_to_ppc(i)))
  			EMIT(PPC_RAW_LD(bpf_to_ppc(i), _R1, bpf_jit_stack_offsetof(ctx, bpf_to_ppc(i))));
+ if (ctx->arena_vm_start)
+		EMIT(PPC_RAW_LD(bpf_to_ppc(ARENA_VM_START), _R1,
+				bpf_jit_stack_offsetof(ctx, bpf_to_ppc(ARENA_VM_START))));
+
  	/* Tear down our stack frame */
  	if (bpf_has_stack_frame(ctx)) {
  		EMIT(PPC_RAW_ADDI(_R1, _R1, BPF_PPC_STACKFRAME + ctx->stack_size));
@@ -396,11 +410,11 @@ void bpf_stf_barrier(void);
  asm (
  "		.global bpf_stf_barrier		;"
  "	bpf_stf_barrier:			;"
-"		std	21,-64(1)		;"
-"		std	22,-56(1)		;"
+"		std	21,-80(1)		;"
+"		std	22,-72(1)		;"
  "		sync				;"
-"		ld	21,-64(1)		;"
-"		ld	22,-56(1)		;"
+"		ld	21,-80(1)		;"
+"		ld	22,-72(1)		;"
  "		ori	31,31,0			;"
  "		.rept 14			;"
  "		b	1f			;"
@@ -409,6 +423,36 @@ asm (
  "		blr				;"
  );
+static int bpf_jit_emit_probe_mem_store(struct codegen_context *ctx, u32 src_reg, s16 off,
+					u32 code, u32 *image)
+{
+	u32 tmp1_reg = bpf_to_ppc(TMP_REG_1);
+	u32 tmp2_reg = bpf_to_ppc(TMP_REG_2);
+
+	switch (BPF_SIZE(code)) {
+	case BPF_B:
+		EMIT(PPC_RAW_STB(src_reg, tmp1_reg, off));
+		break;
+	case BPF_H:
+		EMIT(PPC_RAW_STH(src_reg, tmp1_reg, off));
+		break;
+	case BPF_W:
+		EMIT(PPC_RAW_STW(src_reg, tmp1_reg, off));
+		break;
+	case BPF_DW:
+		if (off % 4) {
+			EMIT(PPC_RAW_LI(tmp2_reg, off));
+			EMIT(PPC_RAW_STDX(src_reg, tmp1_reg, tmp2_reg));
+		} else {
+			EMIT(PPC_RAW_STD(src_reg, tmp1_reg, off));
+		}
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
  static int emit_atomic_ld_st(const struct bpf_insn insn, struct codegen_context *ctx, u32 *image)
  {
  	u32 code = insn.code;
@@ -960,6 +1004,50 @@ int bpf_jit_build_body(struct bpf_prog *fp, u32 *image, u32 *fimage, struct code
  			}
  			break;
+ case BPF_STX | BPF_PROBE_MEM32 | BPF_B:
+		case BPF_STX | BPF_PROBE_MEM32 | BPF_H:
+		case BPF_STX | BPF_PROBE_MEM32 | BPF_W:
+		case BPF_STX | BPF_PROBE_MEM32 | BPF_DW:
+
+			EMIT(PPC_RAW_ADD(tmp1_reg, dst_reg, bpf_to_ppc(ARENA_VM_START)));
+
+			ret = bpf_jit_emit_probe_mem_store(ctx, src_reg, off, code, image);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+
+			ret = bpf_add_extable_entry(fp, image, fimage, pass, ctx,
+						    ctx->idx - 1, 4, -1, code);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+
+			break;
+
+		case BPF_ST | BPF_PROBE_MEM32 | BPF_B:
+		case BPF_ST | BPF_PROBE_MEM32 | BPF_H:
+		case BPF_ST | BPF_PROBE_MEM32 | BPF_W:
+		case BPF_ST | BPF_PROBE_MEM32 | BPF_DW:
+
+			EMIT(PPC_RAW_ADD(tmp1_reg, dst_reg, bpf_to_ppc(ARENA_VM_START)));
+
+			if (BPF_SIZE(code) == BPF_W || BPF_SIZE(code) == BPF_DW) {
+				PPC_LI32(tmp2_reg, imm);
+				src_reg = tmp2_reg;
+			} else {
+				EMIT(PPC_RAW_LI(tmp2_reg, imm));
+				src_reg = tmp2_reg;
+			}
+
+			ret = bpf_jit_emit_probe_mem_store(ctx, src_reg, off, code, image);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+
+			ret = bpf_add_extable_entry(fp, image, fimage, pass, ctx,
+						    ctx->idx - 1, 4, -1, code);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+
+			break;
+
  		/*
  		 * BPF_STX ATOMIC (atomic ops)
  		 */
@@ -1112,9 +1200,10 @@ int bpf_jit_build_body(struct bpf_prog *fp, u32 *image, u32 *fimage, struct code
  				 * Check if 'off' is word aligned for BPF_DW, because
  				 * we might generate two instructions.
  				 */
-				if ((BPF_SIZE(code) == BPF_DW ||
-				    (BPF_SIZE(code) == BPF_B && BPF_MODE(code) == BPF_PROBE_MEMSX)) &&
-						(off & 3))
+				if ((BPF_SIZE(code) == BPF_DW && (off & 3)) ||
+				    (BPF_SIZE(code) == BPF_B &&
+				     BPF_MODE(code) == BPF_PROBE_MEMSX) ||
+				    (BPF_SIZE(code) == BPF_B && BPF_MODE(code) == BPF_MEMSX))
  					PPC_JMP((ctx->idx + 3) * 4);
  				else
  					PPC_JMP((ctx->idx + 2) * 4);
@@ -1160,12 +1249,49 @@ int bpf_jit_build_body(struct bpf_prog *fp, u32 *image, u32 *fimage, struct code
if (BPF_MODE(code) == BPF_PROBE_MEM) {
  				ret = bpf_add_extable_entry(fp, image, fimage, pass, ctx,
-							    ctx->idx - 1, 4, dst_reg);
+							    ctx->idx - 1, 4, dst_reg, code);
  				if (ret)
  					return ret;
  			}
  			break;
+ /* dst = *(u64 *)(ul) (src + ARENA_VM_START + off) */
+		case BPF_LDX | BPF_PROBE_MEM32 | BPF_B:
+		case BPF_LDX | BPF_PROBE_MEM32 | BPF_H:
+		case BPF_LDX | BPF_PROBE_MEM32 | BPF_W:
+		case BPF_LDX | BPF_PROBE_MEM32 | BPF_DW:
+
+			EMIT(PPC_RAW_ADD(tmp1_reg, src_reg, bpf_to_ppc(ARENA_VM_START)));
+
+			switch (size) {
+			case BPF_B:
+				EMIT(PPC_RAW_LBZ(dst_reg, tmp1_reg, off));
+				break;
+			case BPF_H:
+				EMIT(PPC_RAW_LHZ(dst_reg, tmp1_reg, off));
+				break;
+			case BPF_W:
+				EMIT(PPC_RAW_LWZ(dst_reg, tmp1_reg, off));
+				break;
+			case BPF_DW:
+				if (off % 4) {
+					EMIT(PPC_RAW_LI(tmp2_reg, off));
+					EMIT(PPC_RAW_LDX(dst_reg, tmp1_reg, tmp2_reg));
+				} else {
+					EMIT(PPC_RAW_LD(dst_reg, tmp1_reg, off));
+				}
+				break;
+			}
+
+			if (size != BPF_DW && insn_is_zext(&insn[i + 1]))
+				addrs[++i] = ctx->idx * 4;
+
+			ret = bpf_add_extable_entry(fp, image, fimage, pass, ctx,
+						    ctx->idx - 1, 4, dst_reg, code);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+			break;
+
  		/*
  		 * Doubleword load
  		 * 16 byte instruction that uses two 'struct bpf_insn'





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