[PATCH bpf-next v2] scripts/bpf_doc.py: implement json output format

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bpf_doc.py parses bpf.h header to collect information about various
API elements (such as BPF helpers) and then dump them in one of the
supported formats: rst docs and a C header.

It's useful for external tools to be able to consume this information
in an easy-to-parse format such as JSON. Implement JSON printers and
add --json command line argument.

v1: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20250506000605.497296-1-isolodrai@xxxxxxxx/

Signed-off-by: Ihor Solodrai <isolodrai@xxxxxxxx>
---
 scripts/bpf_doc.py | 112 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------
 1 file changed, 98 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/scripts/bpf_doc.py b/scripts/bpf_doc.py
index e74a01a85070..d669a0e16bf2 100755
--- a/scripts/bpf_doc.py
+++ b/scripts/bpf_doc.py
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 from __future__ import print_function
 
 import argparse
+import json
 import re
 import sys, os
 import subprocess
@@ -43,6 +44,14 @@ class APIElement(object):
         self.ret = ret
         self.attrs = attrs
 
+    def to_dict(self):
+        return {
+            'proto': self.proto,
+            'desc': self.desc,
+            'ret': self.ret,
+            'attrs': self.attrs
+        }
+
 
 class Helper(APIElement):
     """
@@ -81,6 +90,11 @@ class Helper(APIElement):
 
         return res
 
+    def to_dict(self):
+        d = super().to_dict()
+        d.update(self.proto_break_down())
+        return d
+
 
 ATTRS = {
     '__bpf_fastcall': 'bpf_fastcall'
@@ -675,7 +689,7 @@ COMMANDS
         self.print_elem(command)
 
 
-class PrinterHelpers(Printer):
+class PrinterHelpersHeader(Printer):
     """
     A printer for dumping collected information about helpers as C header to
     be included from BPF program.
@@ -896,6 +910,43 @@ class PrinterHelpers(Printer):
         print(') = (void *) %d;' % helper.enum_val)
         print('')
 
+
+class PrinterHelpersJSON(Printer):
+    """
+    A printer for dumping collected information about helpers as a JSON file.
+    @parser: A HeaderParser with Helper objects
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, parser):
+        self.elements = parser.helpers
+        self.elem_number_check(
+            parser.desc_unique_helpers,
+            parser.define_unique_helpers,
+            "helper",
+            "___BPF_FUNC_MAPPER",
+        )
+
+    def print_all(self):
+        helper_dicts = [helper.to_dict() for helper in self.elements]
+        out_dict = {'helpers': helper_dicts}
+        print(json.dumps(out_dict, indent=4))
+
+
+class PrinterSyscallJSON(Printer):
+    """
+    A printer for dumping collected syscall information as a JSON file.
+    @parser: A HeaderParser with APIElement objects
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, parser):
+        self.elements = parser.commands
+        self.elem_number_check(parser.desc_syscalls, parser.enum_syscalls, 'syscall', 'bpf_cmd')
+
+    def print_all(self):
+        syscall_dicts = [syscall.to_dict() for syscall in self.elements]
+        out_dict = {'syscall': syscall_dicts}
+        print(json.dumps(out_dict, indent=4))
+
 ###############################################################################
 
 # If script is launched from scripts/ from kernel tree and can access
@@ -910,6 +961,19 @@ printers = {
         'syscall': PrinterSyscallRST,
 }
 
+# target -> output format -> printer
+printers = {
+    'helpers': {
+        'rst': PrinterHelpersRST,
+        'json': PrinterHelpersJSON,
+        'header': PrinterHelpersHeader,
+    },
+    'syscall': {
+        'rst': PrinterSyscallRST,
+        'json': PrinterSyscallJSON
+    },
+}
+
 argParser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="""
 Parse eBPF header file and generate documentation for the eBPF API.
 The RST-formatted output produced can be turned into a manual page with the
@@ -917,6 +981,8 @@ rst2man utility.
 """)
 argParser.add_argument('--header', action='store_true',
                        help='generate C header file')
+argParser.add_argument('--json', action='store_true',
+                       help='generate a JSON')
 if (os.path.isfile(bpfh)):
     argParser.add_argument('--filename', help='path to include/uapi/linux/bpf.h',
                            default=bpfh)
@@ -924,17 +990,35 @@ else:
     argParser.add_argument('--filename', help='path to include/uapi/linux/bpf.h')
 argParser.add_argument('target', nargs='?', default='helpers',
                        choices=printers.keys(), help='eBPF API target')
-args = argParser.parse_args()
-
-# Parse file.
-headerParser = HeaderParser(args.filename)
-headerParser.run()
 
-# Print formatted output to standard output.
-if args.header:
-    if args.target != 'helpers':
-        raise NotImplementedError('Only helpers header generation is supported')
-    printer = PrinterHelpers(headerParser)
-else:
-    printer = printers[args.target](headerParser)
-printer.print_all()
+def error_die(message: str):
+    argParser.print_usage(file=sys.stderr)
+    print('Error: {}'.format(message), file=sys.stderr)
+    exit(1)
+
+def parse_and_dump():
+    args = argParser.parse_args()
+
+    # Parse file.
+    headerParser = HeaderParser(args.filename)
+    headerParser.run()
+
+    if args.header and args.json:
+        error_die('Use either --header or --json, not both')
+
+    output_format = 'rst'
+    if args.header:
+        output_format = 'header'
+    elif args.json:
+        output_format = 'json'
+
+    try:
+        printer = printers[args.target][output_format](headerParser)
+        # Print formatted output to standard output.
+        printer.print_all()
+    except KeyError:
+        error_die('Unsupported target/format combination: "{}", "{}"'
+                    .format(args.target, output_format))
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    parse_and_dump()
-- 
2.47.1






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